Ukukhiqizwa kwe-alumina kuyi-okrwele ebhizinisini le-aluminium, ukusebenza njengokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi ze-aluminium. Ukuqonda ukuhamba kwalesi sikhwama kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle futhi kuqinisekiswe izinga. Le ndatshana ibonisa ukuhamba okuhlelekile kokukhiqizwa kwe-alumina njengoba kuboniswe kumashadi okusebenza kwemboni.
I-Alumina, noma i-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), ikakhulukazi ikhiqizwa kwi-bauxite ore ngohlelo lwe-Bayer. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ihlanganisa izigaba eziningi ezibalulekile, ngalinye libaluleke kakhulu ekukhishweni nasekukheleni i-alumina.
Umfanekiso wokuqhuba kwezimboni wokukhiqiza i-alumina ngokujwayelekile ubandakanya lezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
– Ukukhishwa: I-bauxite itholakala ekuguguleni noma emigodleni yephansi.
– Ukuthutha: I-ore ekhishwe ithunjwa ezikhungweni zokucubungula.
– Ukuphonsa nokugaya: I-bauxite icindezelwa futhi igaywe ukuze kukhuphuke indawo yokuphila ukuze kwenziwe inqubo yokukhipha.
– Ukugaya: I-bauxite ekhishwe emhlabathini ixutshwa nosawoti olushisayo lwe-sodium hydroxide (NaOH), oluxosha i-alumina.
– Ukucaciswa: Umxube uvunyelwe ukuba uphumelele, uhlukanisa isixazululo esicwebezelayo se-sodium aluminate ezinsikeni ezingashintshwanga ze-bauxite (umdaka obomvu).
– Ukwehla: Isixazululo sishisa, futhi i-aluminium hydroxide iyawa.
– Ukushisa: I-aluminium hydroxide ifudunyezwa emikhiqizweni yokushisa engashintshi noma emikhiqizweni yokushisa ethululiwe ukuze ikhulule amanzi, ikhiqize i-alumina engamanzi.
– Ukusebenza kahle: Umhlabathi obomvu uyakhuliswa ukuze unciphise okuqukethwe kwamanzi.
– Ukuphuma: Kuphuma khona ezindaweni zokugcina eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile.
– Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesibili: I-alumina iyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bayo nezinye izici zekhwalithi.
– Ukupakisha Nokugcina: I-alumina ethuliwe iphakanywa futhi igcinwa ukuze ithunyelwe ezikhumulweni zokuthunga aluminium.
– Iziphumo: Bauxite, ama-crusher, ama-grinder
– Imiphumela: Umhlaba bauxite
– Izincano: I-bauxite emhlabathi, isixazululo se-NaOH
– Imiphumela: Isixazululo se-sodium aluminate, umjovo obomvu
– Izinto ezisetshenziswayo: Isixazululo se-sodium aluminate
– Imiphumela: Isixazululo esicacile, umhlaba obomvu
– Izithako: Isixazululo se-sodium aluminate esipholelwe
– Iziphumo: Aluminium hydroxide
– Okufakiwe: I-aluminium hydroxide
– Imiphumela: I-alumina engamanzi
– Iziphumo: I-rhuda ebomvu
– Imiphumela: Umjovo obomvu ophumile.
– Okokufaka: Umhlaba obomvu ophikisiwe
– Okukhishwayo: Umjovo obomvu ogciniwe
– Izithako: I-alumina enganeni
– Okuphumayo: Alumina eqinisekisiwe.
– Ukufaka: I-alumina eqinisekisiwe ngokwekhiqiza
– Ukuhluza: I-alumina ephakanyisiwe
Ukuphuma okwenziwe kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-alumina kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ehlelekile eguqula ithani le-bauxite libe yi-alumina ehloliwe. Isigaba ngasinye, kusukela ekumbhaleni kuze kube sekuchumeni, sibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi nokusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngokuqonda le msebenzi, imboni ingathuthukisa kangcono ukusebenza kwazo nokunciphisa umthelela wokwenza umhlaba.
Ukuqonda lezi zinyathelo ngeziqeshana zokugeleza kwezimboni akusizi kuphela ekwenzeni kahle kwemisebenzi kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zemvelo nokuphepha.
