Yiziphi izilungiselelo zemishini ezithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium oxide ezitshalweni zaseShayina?
Isikhathi:2 kuMfumfu 2025
Ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium oxide (i-quicklime) ezitshalweni zaseShayina noma kunoma iyiphi ifa yokukhiqiza lime kudinga izinhlelo ezintsha zezinsiza ezisebenza kahle ezenza ukuthi amandla okusebenza, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kuthuthukiswe. Nansi izinhlelo zezinsiza nezindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa:
1. Ukukhetha Uhlobo Lokushisa
Ukukhethwa kwezikhuhla kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium oxide. Izinhlobo ezivamile zezikhuhla zihlanganisa:
a. I-Rotary Kilns
- Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu ngenxa yokuthi zikwazi ukucubungula izinga eliphezulu le-limestone.
- Itholekwe ngezinhlelo zokushisa ezishisayo nezibandayo ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle amandla okushisa.
- Kuhambisana nezindleko ezihlukahlukene, kuvumela ukunciphisa izindleko nokuhambisana nemvelo.
b. Izikhukhula zeShaft
- Izikhungo ze-vertical shaft zithandwa eChina ngenxa yokudla kwazo okuphansi kwamandla nokufakwa okuxabisa kancane.
- Idizayinwe ukuze ikwazi ukuhambisa ukushisa kahle ngezendlalelo ze-limestone kanye nofu.
- Izikhukhula zesimanje ziza nezilawuli zokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi zilungele ukukhiqiza okuncane kuya kokuphakathi.
c. Iziqukathi zikaMaerz
- Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezitsheni ze-lime zaseShayina ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo okuphezulu kanye namandla okwenza i-quicklime ephezulu.
- Izici ezithuthukile zokubuyisela ukushisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokwenza kahle kwezinhlelo.
d. Izimbiza Zokubamba Umoya
- Kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza kahle umanyolo ophansi noma imikhiqizo emkhakheni we-lime.
- Nikezela indawo yokuphendula enokulawulwa kahle kodwa ayivamile ezikhungweni eziphezulu zevolumu.
2. Izishisayo nezibandayo
- Izinhlelo Ze-PreheaterUkushisa i-limestone ngaphambi kokufudumala kwenkanyezi kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemfuel. Izitshalo zaseShayina zihlala zisebenzisa imishayo yokuphakamisa noma i-parallel-flow regenerative (PFR) ukuze zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
- Izindawo ZokupholisaUkusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa obuphumelelayo obufana nezixhobo zokupholisa eziphambanayo kusiza ukubuyisela ukushisa nokuqinisa ukusebenza kokushisa.
3. Ukuphuculwa Kokusetshenziswa Kwamafutha
- AmaFutha Alwenza Ngendlela EhlukileImithi yaseShayina ingase isebenzise ikhabhoni, ikhokhodi, igesi yemvelo, noma ngisho ne-biomass ukufaka amandla kumakhowe, kuya ngezimali nezinsiza.
- UkuphuculaUkuthumela ama-burner anezinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukisiwe kuqinisekisa ukujula okuphelele nokuhlangana kokushisa.
4. Ukuzihlanganisa kanye Nezindlela Zokuqapha
- Ukufaka izinhlelo zokulawula izinqubo eziyinqaba (APCs) kuvumela ukulawulwa kwesikhathi sangempela nokulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa, umphumela, nezilinganiso zokwenzeka.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi okulawula akwabelwayo (DCS) kanye ne-PLCs ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza futhi kugcinwe amandla.
5. Ukuphathwa Kwesisindo Sezitshalo
- Ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kahle nokukala kwe-limestone ngaphambi kokufakwa kwi-kiln kuqinisekisa ukushisa okuhambisanayo kanye nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza.
- Izixhumi nezinhlelo zokuhlola zivame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa kwekilin.
6. Izinhlelo Zokubuyisa Ukushisa
- Ukubuyiselwa kwe-heat kusuka emoyeni ophumile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufudumala kwekhalishi ye-limestone engenayo kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwamenzi enengqondo.
- Izingxenyekazi zokushintsha ukushisa komoya noma amahhovisi e-cogeneration (izinhlelo zokuhlanganisa ukushisa namandla) kwesinye isikhathi zisetshenziswa ukuze kuthathwe ukushisa okweqile.
7. Izinhlelo Zokuhlangabezana Nemvelo
Izitshalo zaseShayina ngokuvamile zifaka izinhlelo ezihambisana nemvelo ngenxa yemithetho emisiwe yemvelo.
- Umucwayizisi wesikhumbaIzinhlelo zokuhlunga ezizimele (electrostatic precipitators) nemifantu yezikhwama (bag filters) zehlisa ukukhipha okungcolile.
- IzihlanziUkulawulwa kokukhishwa kwe-sulfur dioxide ne-carbon dioxide kusetshenziswa ama-scrubber omisiwe noma owomisiwe.
- Izinhlelo Zokuthola IkhabhoniEzinye izitshalo ezithuthukile zitshala izimali ezinhlelweni zokuhlola ukuze zithathe i-CO₂ ekukhiqizeni ukhiye.
8. Imishini Yokweseka
- Izitsha Zokugcina: I-silo zokugcina ezihlelwe kahle ezihlinzekwe ngezinhlelo zokubheka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuhamba kwezimpahla kahle.
- Izinhlelo ZokuhambisaIzinhlelo zokuhambisa ezisebenza kahle zinciphisa izindleko zamandla ezihambisana nokuhambisa izinto ezibonakalayo nezimfanzi eziphelile.
9. Izinyathelo Zokusebenza Kwamandla
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuhlukanisa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kumakilni.
- Ukusetshenziswa kokushintsha okuphezulu kwamandla (VFDs) kumafeni, amaphampu, nakumakhompuyutha ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
- Izinsiza zokuklama eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwenza ngcono ukwenza kwekiln kanye nokulinganisa amandla.
10. Ukusebenza Kokuqonda
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okuvamile nokwenziwa kwabantu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni iyasebenza kahle kakhulu.
- Izinsiza zokuhlaziya idatha kanye nezinsiza ezisekelwe kwi-AI zitholakala ngokuya zanda ukuze zisetshenziswe ekugcineni okubikezelwayo nasekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza.
Ukubaluleka Emakethe YamaShayina
I-China ithe dabuka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imboni yayo yokukhiqiza umquba, igxile kulezi zinto:
- Ukunciphisa ukukhipha ukuze kuhambisane nezindinganiso zezembatho zomhlaba wonke nezokwelapha.
- Ukuhlangabezana nesidingo se-calcium oxide ezindaweni eziyinhloko ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwensimbi, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezinselelo zezimboni.
- Ukukhulisa ubuchwepheshe obuphilayo obuphumelelayo futhi obuncost-effective ukuze baphikise emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukusebenzisa lezi ziqondiso ngokuhlanganyela kwenza izitshalo zaseShayina zikwazi ukuhlela ngokujulile ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium oxide ngenkathi zihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zemboni nezemvelo.
Thintana Nathi
I-Shanghai Zenith Mineral Co., Ltd. iyinkampani ehamba phambili yokukhiqiza imishini yokuphuca nokugaya eChina. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 yokuhlangenwe nakho embonini yemishini yokumba, i-Zenith yakhile idumela eliqinile lokuhlinzeka ngama-crusher, ama-mill, imishini yokwenza uthuli, kanye nemishini yokucubungula imithombo yezinsiza yekhwalithi ephezulu kumakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele.
Ibhange elisemqoka eShanghai, eShayina, i-Zenith ihlanganisa ucwaningo, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, kanye nezinsizakalo, inikeza izixazululo ezigcwele kwezokuhlanganisa, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo, kanye nezimboni zokushisela imayini. Imishini yayo isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwakha, ezokwakha, ubunjiniyela bokhemikhali, kanye nokuvikela imvelo.
Umgomo ukuyekethisa ekwakheni izinto ezintsha nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, iShanghai Zenith iqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwezokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile nokukhiqiza okuluhlaza, ikunikeza imishini ethembekile kanye nezinsizakalo eziphelele zokuthengisa emva kokuthengisa ukusiza amaklayenti afinyelele ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo nezizinzile.
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