Ukwenziwa kwe-sponge iron kusebenze kanjani emculweni wezemikhiqizo zesimanjemanje?

Isikhathi:7 Octoba 2025

Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-sponge iron indlela yesimanje esetshenziswa kakhulu emetallurgy ukukhiqiza insimbi esimweni esiphilayo futhi khemikhali encishisiwe ngaphandle kokuncibilika, ikakhulukazi ukuze isetshenziswe ekwenziweni kwensimbi. I-sponge iron, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-direct reduced iron (DRI), iyimveliso yensimbi ephelele, engahambi, etholakala ngokunciphisa imayini yensimbi ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa izithako ezihlukahlukene zokunciphisa. Nansi indlela inqubo esebenza ngayo:

It appears that you did not provide any content to translate. Please provide the text you want translated to Zulu.Izinto Zokwakha Ezisetshenzisiwe

• Ishubhu Lezinsimbi:Ngokuvamile, i-hematite (Fe₂O₃) noma i-magnetite (Fe₃O₄) isetshenziswa njengomthombo ophakeme wensimbi.
• Umthombo Wokunciphisa:Ngokuvamile amalahle angena-coke noma igesi yemvelo asetshenziselwa njengensiza yokunciphisa ukususa u-oyili ku-iron ore.
• Abanye Abafaka:Ilimestone noma i-dolomite ingangezwa ukuze kususwe izinkinga.

2.Inqubo Yokunciphisa:

I-sponge iron ikhiqizwa ngokuqhubekayo.ukuncishiswa ngqo, kusho ukuthi ithayela le-iron ore linciphisa libe yinsimbi ye-metallik ngaphandle kwezimoto zokushisa ezingaphansi kwenani lokushisa (800–1200°C). Kukho izindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu:

A. Inqubo Esuselwa Emalahleni:

• I-iron ore icindezelwa futhi ixutshwa nehlanga elingapheki, njengegqugquzela.
• Ingxube izoshiswa emishinini yokushisa ejuqu noma emafurneni aphezulu angama-900–1000°C.
• Amamoleku e-oyikhazini emotweni yensimbi aphendula nekhabhoni evela kukhbona ukuze akhe i-carbon monoxide kanye ne-carbon dioxide, eshiya ngemuva insimbi eqinile yensimbi (i-sponge iron).

• Impendulo ebalulekile:
  Fe₂O₃ + CO → Fe + CO₂
  Fe₂O₃ + C → Fe + CO + CO₂

  B. Inqubo Esuselwa Kwigesi:

• I-iron ore incishiswa isetshenziswa igesi yemvelo njenge-agent yokunciphisa (ikakhulukazi i-methane, CH₄).
• Igazi lemvelo kuqala lishintshwa libe ngumbala wokuhlanganisa we-hydrogen (H₂) ne-carbon monoxide (CO).
• Ukuncishiswa kwenzeka emishinini efana nezingozi zokugcina ezishisayo ezingeni lokushisa le-800–1000°C.
• Impendulo ebalulekile:
  Fe₂O₃ + H₂ → Fe + H₂O
  Fe₂O₃ + CO → Fe + CO₂

3.Ukupholisa Nokwehlukanisa:

• Ngemuva kwenqubo yokunciphisa, insimbi ye-sponge iyabanda ukuze kuvinjwe i-oxidation.
• Izinto ezikhiqizwe ngokweqile noma iziphazamiso zikhishwa ngendlela ye-mechanical.

4.Izinzuzo Zezimboni Zensimbi Elula:

• Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla:Idinga amandla amancane kunenqubo ye-blast furnace.
• Ukuguquguquka:Ingasebenzisa ikhabhoni noma igesi njengomphakathi ophumayo, yenza kube kuhle ukuhlangabezana nezinsiza zendawo.
• Ukuvikeleka Kokuhlala:Khiqiza ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zendabuko.
• Ukukhula Okuphezulu:Khiqiza insimbi ephezulu yokuhlanzeka efanelekela ukukhiqizwa kwesithako.

5.Izinhlelo Zensimbi Engavumi:

• I-Sponge iron ikakhulukazi isetshenziswa njengokudla kwemikhiqizo emalahle kagesi (EAFs) kanye nezikhuhli ezishisayo ukukhiqiza insimbi esezingeni eliphezulu.
• Kungasetshenziswa ngqo ekwenzeni insimbi njengempahla esikhundleni sesikhunta sensimbi.

Isishumo:

Inqubo yokukhiqiza insimbi ye-sponge iyindlela ephezulu yokusebenza futhi enobungane nemvelo yokukhiqiza insimbi yensimbi ngaphandle kokuyivumela. Ngokusebenzisa izinto zokunciphisa njengekhabhoni noma igesi yemvelo, i-oykgen iyasuswa kusimende yensimbi ukuze kukhiqizwe insimbi enezikhala efanelekile zokukhuculula i-steel. Le nqubo inikeza isixazululo esiqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi ezwenikazi ezinganandaba nezinsiza zamalahle e-coking.

Thintana Nathi

I-Shanghai Zenith Mineral Co., Ltd. iyinkampani ehamba phambili yokukhiqiza imishini yokuphuca nokugaya eChina. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 yokuhlangenwe nakho embonini yemishini yokumba, i-Zenith yakhile idumela eliqinile lokuhlinzeka ngama-crusher, ama-mill, imishini yokwenza uthuli, kanye nemishini yokucubungula imithombo yezinsiza yekhwalithi ephezulu kumakhasimende emhlabeni jikelele.

Ibhange elisemqoka eShanghai, eShayina, i-Zenith ihlanganisa ucwaningo, ukukhiqiza, ukuthengisa, kanye nezinsizakalo, inikeza izixazululo ezigcwele kwezokuhlanganisa, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo, kanye nezimboni zokushisela imayini. Imishini yayo isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwakha, ezokwakha, ubunjiniyela bokhemikhali, kanye nokuvikela imvelo.

Umgomo ukuyekethisa ekwakheni izinto ezintsha nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, iShanghai Zenith iqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwezokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile nokukhiqiza okuluhlaza, ikunikeza imishini ethembekile kanye nezinsizakalo eziphelele zokuthengisa emva kokuthengisa ukusiza amaklayenti afinyelele ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo nezizinzile.

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