Yimiphi amazwe ase-Afrika ahlinzeka ngensimbi ye-nickel yokumba?
Isikhathi:20 kuOctober 2025
Inikeli iyinsimbi ehlukeneyo esebenziselwa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kuhlanganise neziqukathi, ezimoto, kanye nezesayensi zezindiza. Afrika, enothile ngezinsiza zamaminerali, iyikhaya kwamazwe amaningi ahlinzeka ngenikeli ye-ore yokumba. Le ngqikithi ihlola lawa mazwe, imisebenzi yawo yokumba, kanye nokubaluleka kokukhiqizwa kwe-nickel e-Afrika.
Uhlolojikelele Lokumbiwa Kwenickel e-Afrika
Ukumbiwa kwensimbi ye-nickel e-Afrika kubalulekile emnothweni, kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwekontinent. Imboni yokumba inikeza amathuba emisebenzi futhi iyagqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza. Lapha, sigxila ezweni elikhulu lase-Afrika elithintekayo ekukhiqizeni isiganda se-nickel.
Izwe Elikhulu e-Afrika Elithumela Uthuli Lwenikeleka
Izwe leAfrica eliningi laziwa ngama-ore e-nickel. Nanka amazwe alolu hlu kanye nesifinyezo esifushane sokusebenza kwawo emigodini:
1. iNingizimu Afrika
- Izindawo Zokugcina iNickel Ezikhulu: INingizimu Afrika inezindawo zokugcina i-nickel ezibalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezitholakala eBushveld Complex.
- Izinkampani Zokumba: Izinkampani zokumba ezisemqoka ezifana ne-Anglo American ne-Sibanye Stillwater zisebenza kulolu suko.
- Umthamo Wokukhiqiza: Ukukhiqiza kwe-nickel eNingizimu Afrika kukhulu, kukhuthaza izimakethe zomphakathi kanye nezamazwe omhlaba.
2. Botswana
- Selebi-Phikwe Imayini: Imisebenzi yokumbiwa kwensimbi ye-nickel eBotswana igxile emayini yeSelebi-Phikwe.
- Umthelela Wezomnotho: Imayini ibe nomthelela omkhulu ku-conomy yaseBotswana, inikezela ngokuqashwa nokweseka imiphakathi yasendaweni.
- Izinselele: Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, umgodi ubhekene nezinselele ezinjengokwehla nokwenyukela kwamaholo e-nickel emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokuzinza kokusebenza.
3. iZimbabwe
- IBhande leBubi Greenstone: I-Zimbabwe inamathiriyali e-nickel atholakala ebhande leBubi Greenstone.
- Imisebenzi Yokumba: Izinkampani ezifana ne-Bindura Nickel Corporation zibhakabhaka ekukhipheni nasemsebenzini wokucubungula i-nickel.
- Imakethe Zezimpahla: IZimbabwe ithumela i-nickel emakethe ahlukene omhlaba, ithuthukisa iphrofayela yayo yezezimali.
4. Madagascar
- Iphrojekthi ye-Ambatovy: Iphrojekthi ye-Ambatovy yaseMadagascar ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zokumbiwa kwensimbi ye-nickel ezweni.
- Izinto ezithinta imvelo: Lo msebenzi ugxile ezindleleni zokuwina ezizinzile ukuze unciphise umthelela wemvelo.
- Amathuba Okutshalwa: Umkhakha we-nickel e-Madagascar udonsela utshalomali lwangaphandle, uthuthukisa umkhakha wawo wemayini.
5. Tanzania
- Iphrojekthi yeKabanga Nickel: ITanzania ithuthukisa iphrojekthi yeKabanga Nickel, okulindeleke ukuthi ibe umkhiqizi omkhulu wensimbi ye-nickel.
- Ubuhle Bokuhlela: Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu embonini yokumbiwa kwensimbi eTanzania, kungenzeka uguqule umfanekiso wezezimali wendawo.
- Ukuxhaswa Nguhulumeni: Uhulumeni waseTanzania usekela kakhulu imizamo yokumbiwa kwamaminerali ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwelizwe.
Ubulwandle bokumba kweNickel eAfrika
Ukukhipha i-nickel e-Afrika kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni umnotho walesi siqhingi. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu eziwusizo eziveza ukubaluleka kwayo:
- Ukukhula Komnotho: Ukuhlomula kwe-nickel kuthuthukisa ukukhula kwe-GDP futhi kunikeza imali engenayo ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
- Ukwakhiwa Kwezisebenzi: Umkhakha wezokumbiwa phansi udala amathuba amaningi emisebenzi, uthuthukisa impilo futhi unciphisa ubuphofu.
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinsiza: Imisebenzi yokumba ithuthukisa izinsiza, kuhlanganise nezindlela, izikole, nezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo.
- Umthelela Wemakethe Yamazwe Ngamazwe: Abakhiqizi benickel base-Afrika banomthelela ekuhlinzekeni komhlaba, bethinta izimo zemakethe kanye nezindleko.
Izinselelo Ezinqubweni Zokumba I-Nickel e-Afrika
Napheze ukubaluleka kwalo, umkhakha wokucofa i-nickel e-Afrika ubhekene nezinselelo eziningi:
- Izinkinga Zemvelo: Imisebenzi yokumbiwa ingaholela ekonakaleni kwemvelo, kudinga izindlela ezingaguquguquki.
- Izinguquko Zesimarket: Amanani enikeli emhlabeni jikelele ayashintshashintsha, athinta inzuzo kanye nezinqumo zokutshala izimali.
- Izinkinga Ezilawulayo: Izigameko ezinzima zolawulo zingavimba ukusebenza kwemigodi futhi zikhawulelwe ukuphishekela kwezimali zangaphandle.
- Izithiyo Zokwakha: Ukungabi nezinhlaka ezanele kungathinta ukusebenza kahle kokumba nezokuthutha.
Isiphetho
Izwe lase-Afrika lidlala indima ebalulekile embonini yokumbiwa kwe-nickel emhlabeni jikelele. Ngezinsiza ezicebile nezinhlelo eziqhubekayo, amazwe afana neNingizimu Afrika, iBotswana, iZimbabwe, iMadagascar, neTanzania angabanikezeli abakhulu be-nickel ore. Ngenkathi kunezinkinga ezisekhona, amandla okukhula nokuthuthukiswa emkhakheni wemayini ye-nickel e-Afrika ahlale eyinsiza. Izindlela eziqhubekayo nezatshenziselwa kahle zibalulekile ekufakweni kwayo le nto futhi kuqinisekiswe izinzuzo zesikhathi eside kuleli kontinent.
