Yiziphi Izinsiza Eziyinhloko Ezihleleka Ukulungisa Imboni Yekhabhoni Ngempumelelo

Isikhathi:28 kuMfumfu 2025

Izitshalo zokulungiselela ikhabhoni zibalulekile embonini yokumbiwa kwekhabhoni ngoba zithuthukisa izinga lekhabhoni ngokususa ukungcoliswa nokuyilungiselela emakethe. Isitshalo sokulungiselela ikhabhoni esisebenza kahle sihlelwe ngezinye zezinto zokusebenza ezihlanganisa ukuthi ikhabhoni iphathwe ngempumelelo futhi ihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezidingekayo. Le ndatshana ibheka imishini ebalulekile ehlanganisa isitshalo sokulungiselela ikhabhoni esisebenza kahle.

1. Izinsiza zokudiliza nokuhlola

1.1 Abashwabhuzi

Amakhrushi asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa usayizi wamalahle ukuze kube lula ukuwuphatha ukuze uqhubeke nokucubungula. Izinhlobo zamakhrushi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka phakathi:

• AmaJaw Crushers: Afanelekela ukugaya okuvulekile kwezinhlobonhlobo zophahla zikalaka ezinkulu.
• Izikrweqe Zomphumela: Zifanele ukwakha okwesibili, zinikeza ukulawulwa okungcono ngesisindo sokuphuma.
• Izinsimbi ze-Cone: Zisetshenziselwa ukusikwa kokugcina, zinikeza usayizi ophumayo ophansi.

1.2 Izikrini

Amashidi asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa uwoyela ezicini ezihlukene. Izinhlobo zamashidi zifaka:

• Amakhasi avunguzayo: Aphumelelayo ekuhlukaniseni ikhabhula ngosayizi asebenzisa ukuvunguzela.
• Izikrini zeTrommel: Amathumbu aguqukayo ngokwezinhlobonhlobo zesisindo nezinhlinzeko.

2. Imishini Yokuhlola Ikhwalithi Yekhukhamba

2.1 Iziklono Ezindaweni Ezinobungako

Izikloni eziphakathi kwe-dense zisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amalahle ezinsalela ngokuya ngama-density ahlukeneyo. Zisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni amalahle amakhulu.

2.2 Amakhanda

Ama-jig iyizinto zokwahlukanisa ubunzima ezisebenzisa amanzi kanye nokuhlikihla ukuze zihlukanise ukotini ezindleleni. Zisebenza kahle ekwelapheni ukotini ophakathi no-ocoarse.

2.3 Amashalofu Okuphakeme

Amacell flotation asetshenziselwa ukususa uhlanga lwekhola. Aqukethe izinto ezingama-chemical ukuze ahlukanise ikhola nokungcoliswa okusekelwe ekwehlukaniseni kwezici zephephabhuku.

3. Imishini Yokukhipha Amanzi

3.1 I-Centrifuge

Izinjini ze-centrifuge zisetshenziselwa ukususa amanzi engeziwe emaloti ngemva kokuwasha. Izinhlobo zifaka:

• I-Basket Centrifuges: Ifanele ukususa amanzi kumkhawulo ophezulu wamalahle.
• Iscwebu Bowl Centrifuges: Zisebenza kahle ekuhlanzeni ikhofi elincane.

3.2 Ukujula

Izithako zokwandisa ukujula zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa i-slurry ngokukhipha amanzi amaningi, okwenza kube lula ukuyiphatha nokuyithutha.

4. Ukuhambisa nezinhlelo zokugcina

4.1 Izithuthuthu

Izithuthuthu zibalulekile ekuthutheni uhlanga ngaphakathi kwefektri. Izinhlobo zifaka phakathi:

• Izinto zokuhambisa: Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kahle nokwethembeka kwazo.
• Izinsiza Zokuhambisa: Zifaneleka ezikhathini ezimfushane nasezithwalweni ezivalwe.

4.2 Izitsha Nezimbiza

Izinqwaba nezimbobo zisetshenziswa ukuze zigcine ukhanyiso ngesikhathi ezihlukene zokucubungula. Ziqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kukhanyiso ukuze kusebenze ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

5. Izinhlelo Zokulawula Nokubheka

5.1 Izinhlelo Zok controlling Inqubo

Izinhlelo zokulawula izinqubo eziphakeme zibalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwezitshalo. Zifaka phakathi:

• Izinhlelo Zokulawula Ezihl distributed (DCS): Zinikeza ukulawula okukodwa nokubheka.
• Amakhompyutha alawulwa ngezinhlelo (PLC): Anika ubungcono nokunembile ekulawuleni imishini.

5.2 Imishini Yokuhlola

Ukulawula imishini kuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni isebenza kahle nangokuphepha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

• Umhlaziyi Wokunisela: Linganisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kukakhuni.
• Izingxenye Zokucwaninga Ubukhulu: Bheka ubukhulu bokhuni kanye ne-slar.

Isiphetho

Iph planta yokulungiselela ikhole ngokusebenza kahle iyinhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yezinsiza ezahlukene, ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekucubunguleni nasekulungiseleleni ikhole. Kusukela ekuphukekeni nasekuhloleni kuya ekuxubeni, ekukhipheni amanzi, nasekudluliseni, zonke izingxenye kumele zikhethwe ngokucophelela futhi zihlakaniphe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle. Ngokuqinisekisa amasistimu aphezulu wokulawula nokuqapha, amapulazi okulungisa ikhole angathola ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuphepha, nezindinganiso zekhwalithi, kuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe kahle.

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