Ukusebenza kwekhalikhuni yecement kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukukhiqizwa kweclinker futhi kuhilela imibandela ye-thermodynamics nemifino ephathelene nokudluliswa kwamandla, izimpendulo zik kemi, kanye nezibalo zokushisa. Imigomo ebalulekile ifaka phakathi ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kokushisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokushiswa futhi kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kukafutha. Nawa amafomula e-thermodynamic abalulekile nemigomo elawulayo ukusebenza kwekhalikhuni yecement:
Ibalancing yamandla ye-kiln ingabhalwa njenge: \[Q{\text{ku}} = Q{\text{phuma}} + Q_{\text{ulahleko}}\]Lapha:
Ukusebenza kwemlilo kubalwa ngokususelwa ezishisayo ezisebenzayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezishisayo ezihlinzekiweyo:\[\eta_{\text{combustion}} = \frac{\text{Amandla awusizo emakhiqizweni e-clinker}}{\text{Amandla atholakala kumafutha}} \times 100\]Ukunciphisa amafutha angashisiwe noma umoya ongaphezulu kusiza ukuthuthukisa lokhu ukusebenza kahle.
Izindlela zokudluliswa kokushisa (ukudluliselwa, ukuhamba, ukusabalalisa) kwi-kiln nakwi-preheater zilonke kahle ukumelana kokushisa. Umthetho we-Stefan-Boltzmann wokudluliswa kokushisa kokukhanya ufaneleka:\[Q_{\text{radiation}} = \sigma \cdot A \cdot T^4\]Lapha:
Ukuhlela (T) (ukunciphisa ukulahleka okweqile ngenxa kwezinga eliphezulu lokushisa) nokufakwa kahle kwezinsiza kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe (Q_{\text{radiation}}).
Ukulahleka kwe-enthalpy emoyeni ophumayo kubalulekile. Kungabalwa usebenzisa:\[Q_{\text{exhaust}} = \dot{m} \cdot C_p \cdot \Delta T\]Lapha:
Izinhlelo zokubuyiselwa kwheat ezilahlekileyo zivame ukwenziwa ukuze zinciphise lezi zikhala.
Ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okukhethekile kukala amandla asetshenzisiwe ngalinye le-clinker elikhiqiziwe: \[H{\text{ukukhethekile}} = \frac{Q{\text{total}}}{m_{\text{clinker}}}\]Lapho:
Imizamo ihlose ukunciphisa (H_{\text{specific}}) ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kokushisa, izinqubo zokufudumala kusengaphambili, kanye nezithako zokushisa ezihlukile.
Imiphumela ye-kiln (ukwephulwa kwe-limestone kube lime ne-CO)2), ukuhlanganiswa kwe-silicates namaluminates) kudinga amandla ashisayo athile akhiwe ngokuya nge-enthalpies yokuphendulana:\[\Delta H{\text{impendulo}} = \sum \Delta H{\text{ukwakheka}} (\text{imikhiqizo}) – \sum \Delta H{\text{ukwakheka}} (\text{okuphilayo})\] Ukulawula inhlanganisela yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nemitha yokuphendula kuthinta ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Ukusebenza kahle kungahlanganyela nokwakheka kwe-entropy nokungabuyiseki ezinqubweni zokushiswa kanye nomsebenzi:\[\Delta S = \frac{Q}{T}\]Ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-entropy ekudlulisweni kokushisa nasekushiseni kukhuphula ukusebenza kahle kokubala ngokujwayelekile.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zimiso nezifomula ze-thermodynamics, izimboni ze-cement zifuna ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenkathi zigcina ikhwalithi ye-clinker futhi zehlisa umthelela kwezempilo.
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