Yimaphi Imishini Essential Ukumisa Ekukhiqizeni I-Gold Ore Efficiency?
Isikhathi:29 kuMfumfu 2025
Ukucubungula i-ore yegolide kuyinqubo ebalulekile embonini yokumba, eqonde ekutholeni igolide kwi-ore yayo. Ukukhulisa le nqubo kubandakanya ukukhetha izilungiselelo ezifanele zomshini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza, kuncishiswe izindleko, futhi kuncishiswe umthelela wemvelo. Le ndatshana ihlola izilungiselelo eziyisisekelo zomshini ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula i-ore yegolide.
1. Ukuhlakulela Nokuphonsa Imishini
1.1 Abaphuli Abaklami
Ukuphahlazeka okuyinhloko kuwukusebenza kokuqala emsebenzini wokucubungula igolide. Kunciphisa amatshe amakhulu abe yizicucu ezincane, ezilungele ukuphathwa.
- Amakhanda Omzimba: Afaneleka kakhulu phakathi kwezinto eziwumqoka nezinsimbi ezincibilikayo.
- Ithuluzi le-Gyratory: Lifanele izinqubo ezinkulu ngenxa yokukwazi kwalo okuphezulu.
1.2 Abashisela Baphakathi Nabaphakelayo
Ukuqhuma okwesibili nasekuthatheni okwesithathu kunciphisa usayizi we-ore ukuze kube nok processing okuphelele.
- Izikrini zeKona: Zisebenza kahle ekuphumeleleni kwesibili.
- Umshini Wokukhipha Umthelela: Usebenzisa izinto ezithambile kanye nokuphahlazeka kwesithathu.
1.3 Imishini Yokugaya
Ukugaya kubalulekile ukuze kukhululwe amaholidi ezigidi ezingavela kumsakazo.
- Amabhola Wokucwecwa: Ukukhetha okujwayelekile kokucwecwa, okunikezela ngosayizi wezicucu ezinhle.
- SAG Mills (I-Semi-Autogenous Grinding Mills): Xhuma ukucwenga nokugaya, kunciphisa isidingo semishini eminingi.
- Izinhlaka Zokugaya Ezimaphakathi: Ukukhetha okonga amandla kokugaya kahle.
2. Imishini Yokuhlukanisa Nokugxilisa
2.1 Ukuhlukaniswa Kwesisindo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwegravity kusebenzisa umehluko ekukhanyeni okukhethekile kwemaminerali.
- I-Jig Concentrators: Iyasebenza ekubuyiseni igolide elijulile.
- AmaTebula Ahlakazayo: Asetshenziselwa ukubuyisa igolide elincane ngokuqondile.
2.2 Izitsha Zokukhukhuleka
Ukukhukhumala kusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa igolide kwezinye izinto ezinhlobonhlobo.
- Ama-Mechanical Flotation Cells: Ajwayela ukusetshenziswa ezintweni ze-sulfide.
- Izikhiye ze-Column Flotation: Zikhipha izinga elithuthukisiwe lokubuyisela amafutha amancane.
2.3 Abahlukanisi BeMagneti
Kusetshenziswa lapho iminatha emagnetik ikhona emhlabathini.
- Izihlungi zeDrum Magnetic: Zifanele ukusebenza okukhulu.
- Izihlukanisi eziphathekayo ze-overband: Zisetshenziselwa ukususa insimbi ephuma phambili.
3. Imishini Yokukhishiselwa Nokuminyaniswa
3.1 Amathangi Okudonsa
Ukuhlakuka kukhipha igolide emigodini ngokusebenzisa izixazululo zamakhemikhali.
- Ithangi le-Cyanide: Lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhishweni kwegolide.
- Ithangi le-Thiosulfate Lokukhipha: Enye indlela esikhundleni se-cyanide, inciphisa umthelela wemvelo.
3.2 Izinhlelo Zokumunca
Ukubamba kuthola igolide elixubile emathinini okukhishwa.
- Izinhlelo ze-Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP): Igolide ibanjwe ku-carbon esebenzayo.
- Infrared (CIL) Systems: Uhlanganisa ukwehliswa nokumelana kwesinyathelo esisodwa.
4. Ukukhulula Amanzi Nokuphathwa Kwe-Tailings
4.1 Imishini Yokukhipha Amanzi
Ukukhipha amanzi kususa amanzi excess kwi-ore concentrate.
- Ukuphakamisa: Gxilisa i-slurry ngokukhipha amanzi.
- I-Filitha Presses: Yenza ikhekhe le-filitha elomile ukuze kube lula ukulawula.
4.2 UkuPhathwa Kwamadoti
Ukuphathwa kahle kwezingxenye zokugcina kubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemvelo.
- Iziqhingi Zokugcina: Gcina futhi uphathe iziqhingi ngokuphepha.
- Izinhlelo Zokugcwalisa Ngezinsalela: Phinda usebenzise izinsalela ezisebenzisekayo ezindlunkulu zokumba.
5. Ukuzenzakalela Nezinhlelo Zokulawula
5.1 Izinhlelo Zok controlling Inqubo
Umbhikisho uthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuhambisana kwezinqubo.
- Izinqubo Zokulawula Ezihlanganyelwe (DCS): Ukulawula okuhlanganyelwe kwemisebenzi yokucubungula.
- Ukuphathwa Kwezokusebenza Nokutholwa Kwemininingwane (SCADA): Ukuqapha nokuq控制 ngesikhathi sangempela.
5.2 Izinsiza Nezokuphenya
Amasensors ahlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile yokwenza ngcono ukusebenza.
- Izizinda Zamazinga: Bheka amazinga we-tanki ukuvimbela ukuvuza.
- Izilinganiso Zok流: Qinisekisa ukusungulwa kwe-reagent okufanele kanye nezinga lokuhamba kwe-slurry.
Isiphetho
Ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula igolide kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kwezindawo ezifanele zezimoto, ubuchwepheshe obuphambili, kanye nezindlela zokuphatha ezifanele. Ngokucebisa ngama-equipment amiswe kahle kanye nezinhlelo zokuzimela, imisebenzi yokumba ingafinyelela amazinga aphezulu okuthola, izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, futhi inciphise umthelela emvelweni. Le ndlela ebanzi iqinisekisa ukuthi ukucubungula igolide kuhlale kusebenziseka kahle futhi kuqhubeke isikhathi eside.
