Siminti yana daga cikin muhimman abubuwan gina zamani, kuma samar da shi yana da alaƙa da jerin abubuwan haɗin kimiyya da hanyoyin aiki. Fahimtar tsarin kimiyyar da hanyoyin da suka shafi samar da siminti yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don inganta ingancinsa da aikinsa.
Harkar samar da siminti tana dauke da matakai da dama, kowanne yana da duk wani mu'amala ta kimiyya. Muhimman kayayyakin da ake amfani da su wajen yin siminti sune yashi (calcium carbonate), karamar kasa, da yashi. Wadannan kayan suna fuskantar jerin tsari don samar da siminti, wanda yawanci an hada shi da hadakar abubuwa kamar tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, da tetracalcium aluminoferrite.
Tsarin samar da siminti na iya rabuwa zuwa matakai masu mahimmanci da yawa, kowanne na ɗauke da takamaiman hanyoyin sinadarai. Ga cikakken bayani kan waɗannan matakan:
– Fashin hancin calcium carbonate:
\[\text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow\]
- Samuwar trikalshiyum silikat:
\[3\text{CaO} + \text{SiO}_2 \rightarrow 3\text{CaO} \cdot \text{SiO}_2\]
- Tsarin dicalcium silicate:
\[2\text{CaO} + \text{SiO}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{CaO} \cdot \text{SiO}_2\]
– Samuwar trikalshiyum aluminate:
\[3\text{CaO} + \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 3\text{CaO} \cdot \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\]
– Kafa tetrakalaiyamu aluminoferrite:
\[4\text{CaO} + \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 + \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4\text{CaO} \cdot \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \cdot \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\]
– Hako siminti, dadhawa, da yashi
– Hada kayan aiki na asali
– Tushen tukunyar zafi
– Aikace-aikacen calcination
– Tandarar juyawa
– Hanyar haɗuwa mai zafi sosai
– Kulaƙa mai sanyaya clinker
– Gidan niƙa
– Karin Gypsum
Samun siminti yana bukatar jerin rikice-rikicen kimiyya masu wuyar gaske, wanda ya fi mai da hankali kan canza kayan aiki zuwa clinker, wanda daga bisani ake niƙa zuwa siminti. Fahimtar waɗannan tsarin kimiyya da ƙa'idodin su yana da mahimmanci don inganta ingancin siminti da ingancin samarwa. Ta hanyar inganta kowanne mataki, masana'antu na iya samar da siminti mai inganci wanda ke cika bukatun ginin zamani.
