I-cement iyisithako esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kwanamuhla, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuhilela uchungechunge lwezimpawu zezemvelo nezinqubo. Ukuqonda amafomula emichomo kanye nezinqubo eziyihilelayo ekukhiqizeni i-cement kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ikhwalithi yayo nokusebenza kwayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cement kubandakanya izigaba eziningi, ngazinye zinezenzakalo zemichiza ezithile. Izinto eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-cement ziqukethe i-limestone (calcium carbonate), i-clay, kanye ne-sand. Lezi zinto zidlula ezinqubweni ezihlukene ukuze kukhishwe i-cement, ikakhulukazi eyakhiwe ngokuqoqwa kwezinto ezifana ne-tricalcium silicate, i-dicalcium silicate, i-tricalcium aluminate, kanye ne-tetracalcium aluminoferrite.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza isamente ingahlukaniswa ibe yizigaba ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngakunye kuhlanganisa ukuhlangana okuthile kwemichiza. Nansi ukuhlukaniswa okunembile kwezi zigaba:
– Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-calcium carbonate:
\[\text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 \uparrow\]
– Ukwakhiwa kwe-tricalcium silicate:
\[3\text{CaO} + \text{SiO}_2 \rightarrow 3\text{CaO} \cdot \text{SiO}_2\]
– Uk formed dicalcium silicate:
\[2\text{CaO} + \text{SiO}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{CaO} \cdot \text{SiO}_2\]
– Uk formedwa kwe-tricalcium aluminate:
\[3\text{CaO} + \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 3\text{CaO} \cdot \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3\]
– Uk تشكيل kwe-tetracalcium aluminoferrite:
\[4\text{CaO} + \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 + \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3 \rightarrow 4\text{CaO} \cdot \text{Al}_2\text{O}_3 \cdot \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\]
– Ukukhishwa kwe-limestone, iklayi, kanye nesihlabathi
– Ukuhlangana kwezinsimbi ezingavuthiwe
– Itowers yeshisa ngaphambi
– Umphumela wokushisisa
– Ukushiswa kweRotary
– Ukuphendula okushisayo
– Ukupholisa i-clinker
– Umshini wokugaya
– Ukwengeza i-gypsum
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cement kuhlanganisa uchungechunge lwezimbangela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ezigxile ekuguqulweni kwezinto zokwakha zibe yikhlayika, bese kudliwa kube yicement. Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo zezeMkemisi kanye nezifomula zazo kubalulekile ekuqhubekeni kwekhwalithi ye-cement nasekusebenzeni kahle ekukhiqizeni. Ngokwenza ngcono isigaba ngasinye, abakhiqizi bangakhiqiza i-cement yekhwalithi ephezulu ehambisana nezidingo zokwakhiwa zanamuhla.
