Theshapes ehlangeneidlala indima ebalulekile applications ezahlukene zokwakha, ikakhulukazi emhlanganweni we-concrete ne-asphalt. I-aggregete enesimo esifanele ingathuthukisa izakhiwo zomshini, ukusebenza, nokumelana nezimo zalezi zinto. I-aggregete enesimo esikhulu noma esijikelezayo, uma kuqhathaniswa naleyo elongated noma enodaka, ngokuvamile iyakhethwa. I-aggregete elongated kanye ne-flaky ingaholela ekwehleni kwamandla, ukusebenza kabi, nokukhuphuka kwe-porosity emkhiqizweni wokugcina. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa isimo se-aggregete kuyinto ebucayi embonini yokukhiqiza i-aggregete.
Ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwephuzu elihlanganisiwe, indlela ehlelekile ehlanganisayo ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo ibalulekile. Le ndlela ikakhulukazi ifaka phakathi lezi zinto ezisemqoka:
Izakhiwo ze-geological zezimaterial ezisemqoka ziyisimiso sokuhlonza indlela yokugcina ye-aggrege. Amatshe avuthayo, afana nebasalt kanye negranite, athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlala kwawo kokunquma nokwakhiwa. Ukwakheka kwawo okucwebezelayo nokwakhiwa kwe-crystalline kwenza kube nokugcina izicucu ezikanye ngokutholakala ngesikhathi sokuphula. Le fragmentation ehlelekile ivela ekusabalaliseni okuhle kwezingcindezi zangaphakathi phakathi kwala matshe, okuvumela ukuhlinzekelwa kwe-aggrege enezilinganiso eziphakeme.
Ngokuqhathaniswa, amajini wendawo afana ne-limestone ahlinzeka ngezinselelo ezihlukile. Akhiwe ngezimanga ezihlabahlosile ezicindezelwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-limestone ibuthakathaka ekuphukeni ibe izingcezu eziphakeme noma ezinde uma ibekwe phansi kwama-crushers ajwayelekile. Uhlaka oluhlabahlosile lwe-limestone lwenza ukuthi luphuke ngezinhlelo ezithambile, okuholela emaphethini angafaneleki. Nokho, uma processing kwezelwa nge-horizontal noma vertical impact crushers, futhi uma i-limestone inobungozi obuphansi, lawa ma-crushers angasebenzisa amandla empahla ukuze aphule impahla ngokungahleliwe, ngaleyo ndlela akhiqize amaphetshana ahlelekile kangcono.
Amatshe anokuqukethwe okujula okukhulu noma ukungcola akha izingozi ezinkulu kumkhiqizo wezyomthetho. Lezi zinkinga ziphazamisa ukuwa okujwayelekile kwesakhiwo samatshe, kuveza ukuthi amajizi ahlukaniswe ngendlela engahambisani nalokhu futhi akhe izimo ezinde noma ezincane. I-clay, ngokwesibonelo, ingasebenza njenge-lubricant ngesikhathi sokucindezela, ishintshe ukusabalalisa kwengcindezi futhi iholele ekwakhiweni kwamajizi okungaqondakali. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwejoloji kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto zokwakha ezikhethiwe zifanele ukukhiqiza ama-aggregates akhanyayo.
Izinsimbi ze-jaw zenzeka phakathi kwezinsimbi eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokukhiqiza i-aggregate. Zisebenza ngomgomo wokucindezela, lapho i-jaw ephumayo ihamba ibheke kwi-jaw eqinile, icindezela impahla phakathi kwazo. Lo mklamo olula kodwa osebenzayo wenza ukuthi izinsimbi ze-jaw zifaneleka ezingeni elibanzi lempahla elingenalutho, kusuka ezindaweni ezithambile kuya kwi-rokhi eziyindida.
Omunye wezinto ezinhle eziyinhloko zamajaw crushers wukuthi zinezinzuzo ezikhulu ekuphakanyiseni umphumela wokuphuca ngesikhathi sokuqala sokuphuca. Zinganciphisa kahle amatshe amakhulu zibe izingcezu ezincane, ezingasetshenziswa kabusha ezikhathini ezilandelayo zokuphuca. Lokhu kukhuphuka okuphezulu kusebenzela ukuphula izinto ezisemqoka zibe nosayizi obengcono ukuze kutholakale ama-aggregates aklanyelwe kahle ekucubunguleni okwandulele.
Nokho, uma kuziwa ekuthuthukiseni ngqo ukumelaka kwama-aggregates, ama-jaw crushers anemikhawulo ethile. I-Compression – isebenza ekuqhuqheni ingase ingakhiqizi njalo ama-particulu alindelekile noma ajikelezayo. Esikhundleni salokho, ama-particulu angase abe nezimo ezingajwayelekile ezinezing edges ezisharp. Nokho, ama-jaw crushers adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqhumiseni kokuqala kwezinsiza, efaka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kokumelwa kwezinye izinqubo zokucindezela.
Ama-cone crushers abhekwa phezulu ngenxa yokukwazi kwawo ukukhiqiza ama-aggregates anesimo esihle se-particle, ikakhulukazi ezingeni lesibili nelokugcina lokuqhuba. Asebenza ngokucindezela impahla phakathi kwe-mantle, eguquguqukayo ngokungafani, kanye nepulasitiki egobile. Izici zomklamo ezihlukile zama-cone crushers zithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo ekubumbeni ama-aggregates.
Uma kudingeka ukujula okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi ngezinto ezinzima, i-vertical shaft impactor (VSI) ingangezwa emgqeni wokuzenzela njenge-machini eyengeziwe kumakhenikha ama-cone. I-VSI isebenza kahle kakhulu ekwakheni ubunjalo obuhle bama-particle futhi iyithuluzi elikahle lokwakha isihlabathi esikhiqizwayo. Nokho, inezinhlangothi ezithile.
Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe be-VSI, njengokuthola izinhlelo zokuphuka eziphelele noma ezixubile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokwakheka komjikelezo nezinto ezisetshenziswa ku-steel – on – steel systems, kube usizo ekwehliseni ezinye zalezi zinkinga. Isibonelo, lapho i-VSI ikhipha kusukela ohlelweni oluphelele lwe-rock – on – rock oluzinzile iye ohlelweni oluphelele lwe-steel – on – steel lomjikelezo kanye nezinsiza, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuvame ukuthuthuka.
Ngokombono wokwakheka kwe-flow sheet, ukuze kukhishwa umkhiqizo wesikwele, kuyalulekwa ukusebenza ngezinga lokunciphisa eliphansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinga lokunciphisa eliphezulu, ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokugcina sokudiliza, ngokuvamile leads to poor or reduced cubicity. Isu elithi "ukusebenza okuhle" ukuvumelana nezinga eliphezulu lokunciphisa ekudilizeni kwesibili ukuze kuncishiswe esigabeni sokudiliza sesithathu. Le ndlela ivumela ukwakheka kwezingxenye okuphathwayo ezigabeni zokugcina zalesi senzo.
Ukusebenza kokubili i-crusher yesibili ne-crusher yesithathu kwi-circuit evaliwe ngesigaba esibanzi se-closed-side nload ye-re-circulation eyanda evela ezindaweni zokuhlunga kungathuthukisa futhi umbala wezinsalela. Ku-system ye-circuit evaliwe, izinsalela ezinkulu zibuyiselwa ku-crusher ukuze z processing. Le nqubo ephindaphindiwe isiza ekuthuthukiseni izinsalela zibe nezimo ezifanayo. Njengenhlangano ye-ZENITH cone crushers, enezinga eliphakeme le-pivot kanye ne-high throw, ingakhiqiza umkhiqizo oyi-cubical kakhulu kwi-circuit evaliwe. Ukusebenza lezi zindlela zokucindezela ngesivinini esiphansi esamukelekayo sokuphambuka kungakhuphula kakhulu umkhiqizo.
Ngemuva kokucindezela, ukuhlunga kungasetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa ama-aggregates ngokususelwa kumumo wawo. Imishini yokuhlunga ethize ingasetshenziswa ukususa ama-particles anobude naphakanyiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, umshini wokuhlunga onemigqa ethile nezikhala ungaklanywa ukuze uvumele kuphela ama-particles amakhuba noma asondela kumakhuba ukuthi adlule, ngenkathi ekwenqabela izinto ezingafunwa. Lokhu kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yomumo jikelele yomkhiqizo we-aggregate.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemifanekiso ye-digital kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ekukhiqizeni ama-aggregate. Ngokusetha amakhamera kanye nesofthiwe yokucubungula imifanekiso, izici zokubumba zama-aggregate zingakwazi ukwenziwa zabelwe. Imingcele efana nesilinganiso sokubukeka, ifa lokubumba, ifa lesakhiwo, sphericity, ububanzi, kanye ne-angularity ingalinganiswa. Le mininingwane ingasetshenziswa ukulungisa inqubo yokuphulwa kwezinto ngesikhathi sangempela. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa inani eliphezulu leziphuzo ezinde, imingcele yokusebenza yamakhanda angaphula ingashintshwa ukuze kulungiswe le nkinga.
Ukuhlolwa njalo nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wezinto zayo kubalulekile. Ukuhlolwa okwenzeka emzimbeni, njengokuhlolwa kokuphuma kwezakhi nokuqina, kungaqhutshwa ukuze kuhlolwe iphesheya lezimo zamagqabha ezingafunwanga. Ukuhlolwa kokuphuka kweqhwa nakho kungaqhutshwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinto ezakhiwe zihlangabezana nezinga lezinto ezidingekayo. Ngokuhlola njalo ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, noma yiziphi izinguquko ezivela ethubeni nokukhiqiza zingatholakala ngokushesha futhi zixazululwe.
Ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezigidi kudinga indlela ebanzi ehlanganisa ukukhetha izinto zokwakha ezifanele, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini efanele yokuphonsa nokwakha, ukuthuthukiswa kohlaka lokuphonsa, nokulawulwa kwemikhiqizo okuqinile. Ngokucophelela ukuthathela phezulu lezi zici, abakhiqizi bezigidi bangathuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo, behlangabezana nezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza kwezicelo zokwakha zanamuhla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa kukhonkolo onamandla aphezulu noma ezokwakha ezinzile zesikhumba, izigidi ezakhiwe kahle zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside nokuphumelela kwezinhlelo zokwakha.
